Moving Dot Coherence Task
Background
How do our brains make decisions about the things we see? In order to study the neural basis
of decision making, Shadlen and Newsome devised an experiment in which nonhuman primates
were trained to make decisions about whether a cloud of moving dots was moving to the left
or the right. They changed the proportion of dots moving to the left or right from 100%
left, to 50% left and 50% right, and 100% right. They recorded from neurons in a brain
region called MT, and found that MT neurons encoded the subject's choice by a simple voting
method. In particular, they found that individual neurons in MT responded either to
rightward motion or leftward motion. When the dots were all moving to the right, only the
rightward motion neurons responded. Similarly, when all the dots were moving to the left,
only the leftward neurons responded. When half the dots were moving to the right and half
the dots were moving to the left, however, Shadlen and Newsome found that they could predict
the choice the monkey was going to make based on how many rightward neurons were responding
compared to leftward neurons.
In the moving-dot coherence task, when 50% of the dots
are moving to the left and 50% of dots are moving to the right, theoretically one has no
idea which direction the dots are moving as a whole. Neurons in MT, however, can have a
bias towards one particular direction. Thus, if you choose left or right over 50%
of the time when the dots are moving evenly in both directions, this suggests that you have
a preference for movement to the right or left. If 55% of dots are moving
in one direction, it may still be difficult to discern which direction the dots are moving
in. As the proportion of dots moving towards a particular direction increases, however, you
become more and more certain of the direction. Try it yourself below!
Instructions
First, a screen with a cross will be presented. Focus on the cross for several moments. After this, a screen of moving dots will appear for several seconds, after which you will see a cross that is green. When the cross is green, press "l" if the dots you saw were moving to the left, and press "r" if the dots were moving to the right. The plot below will show you the proportion of trials you indicated were rightward for each proportion of dots moving rightward (0% rightward means that 100% of the dots were moving to the left).